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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hypobromite</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p>Als <b>Hypobromite</b> werden die <a href="Salze" title="Salze">Salze</a> der <a href="Hypobromige_S%C3%A4ure" title="Hypobromige Säure">Hypobromigen Säure</a> bezeichnet. <a href="Brom" title="Brom">Brom</a> liegt hierbei in der <a href="Oxidationsstufe" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxidationsstufe">Oxidationsstufe</a> +1 vor.
</p><p>Hypobromite können durch Reaktion von Brom mit <a href="Alkalische_L%C3%B6sung" title="Alkalische Lösung">Laugen</a> erhalten werden. <a href="Molek%C3%BCl" title="Molekül">Molekulares</a> Brom <a href="Disproportionierung" title="Disproportionierung">disproportioniert</a> hierbei zu <a href="Bromid" class="mw-redirect" title="Bromid">Bromid</a> und Hypobromit. Durch Kristallisation kann dann das Hypobromitsalz vom Bromidsalz abgetrennt werden.
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Br_{2}\ +\ 2\ NaOH\longrightarrow \ NaOBr\ +\ NaBr\ +\ H_{2}O} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Br_{2}\ +\ 2\ NaOH\longrightarrow \ NaOBr\ +\ NaBr\ +\ H_{2}O} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/3f725a70fbbd2c5e2d333fa9630d3bfadb16e1da.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:46.832ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Br_{2}\ +\ 2\ NaOH\longrightarrow \ NaOBr\ +\ NaBr\ +\ H_{2}O} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Im <a href="Bromwasser" title="Bromwasser">Bromwasser</a> findet diese Disproportionierung ebenfalls statt, weshalb es schwach sauer reagiert.
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Br_{2}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\longrightarrow \ Br^{-}\ +\ BrO^{-}\ +\ 2\ H_{3}O^{+}} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {Br_{2}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\longrightarrow \ Br^{-}\ +\ BrO^{-}\ +\ 2\ H_{3}O^{+}} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d09740fff1945e1e0c5ff989d1d541d27413ba7d.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:45.445ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {Br_{2}\ +\ 3\ H_{2}O\longrightarrow \ Br^{-}\ +\ BrO^{-}\ +\ 2\ H_{3}O^{+}} }" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Hypobromite sind nicht stabil und disproportionieren zu Bromiden und <a href="Bromate" title="Bromate">Bromaten</a>, weshalb sie bei 0 °C hergestellt und aufbewahrt werden müssen.
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ OBr^{-}\longrightarrow \ 2\ Br^{-}\ +\ BrO_{3}^{-}} }">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {3\ OBr^{-}\longrightarrow \ 2\ Br^{-}\ +\ BrO_{3}^{-}} }</annotation>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwendung">Verwendung</h2></div>
<p>Hypobromite werden im chemischen Labor als Reagenz bei der <a href="Hofmann-Umlagerung" title="Hofmann-Umlagerung">Hofmann-Umlagerung</a> eingesetzt. Dabei entstehen aus <a href="Carbons%C3%A4ureamid" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonsäureamid">Carbonsäureamiden</a> primäre <a href="Amine" title="Amine">Amine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HAUPTMANN_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HAUPTMANN-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Bromide" title="Bromide">Bromide</a>: Br<sup>−</sup></li>
<li><a href="Bromite" title="Bromite">Bromite</a>: BrO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup></li>
<li><a href="Bromate" title="Bromate">Bromate</a>: BrO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup></li>
<li><a href="Perbromate" title="Perbromate">Perbromate</a>: BrO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-HAUPTMANN-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HAUPTMANN_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Siegfried_Hauptmann" title="Siegfried Hauptmann">Siegfried Hauptmann</a>: <i>Organische Chemie</i>, Verlag Harry Deutsch, Thun (1985) S. 423, ISBN 3-87144-902-4.</span>
</li>
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Dieser Artikel wurde von <a class="external text" title="Zuletzt bearbeitet am 2024-10-23" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Hypobromite&oldid=249681537">Wikipedia</a> herausgegeben. Der Text ist unter <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> verfügbar, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Für die Mediendateien können zusätzliche Bedingungen gelten.
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